Posts Tagged ‘developers’
ASP.NET for PHP Developers – Part II
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In part one of the “ASP.NET for PHP Developers” tutorial, we learned the basics of ASP.NET and the C# language. Part
Tutorial Details
Before you Start…Ensure you have read and completed the examples in part 1 of the tutorial. We’ll be building on that application here. And Before I Start…I mentioned in part 1 of the tutorial that there are two flavours of ASP.NET available:
However I don’t use either of those, but rather a third approach of my own devising. That’s for several reasons:
So you can see why I chose this "roll-your-own" approach. As ASP.NET matured and I discovered new features, I started to integrate those into my applications, and I fully expect that over time I’ll be doing more of that. So, let’s take our ASP.NET application to the next level. Master PagesMy second favourite feature of ASP.NET (after turning HTML controls into server controls) is master pages. A master page is a template file you can use to encapsulate HTML you use in multiple pages. For example, your master page could contain the header, menu and footer of your pages, while your normal .aspx pages contain the actual content on that page. let’s look at an example web page:  You can see the parts which are used on multiple pages highlighted in green. The content which changes for each page in the site is highlighted in red. Master pages allow us to split up the code for these two sections into multiple files. If you’ve used templates in your PHP applications (for example WordPress has Creating a master pageSo let’s create a master page. In the Solution view create a new directory in your ASP.NET application called "Master_Pages". In that directory create a new master page by right-clicking on the Master_Pages folder, selecting "Add > New file" then selecting "Master Page with Code Behind" and call it "DefaultMaster". Your new master page will be created and you’ll see the "DefaultMaster.master", "DefaultMaster.master.cs" and "DefaultMaster.master.designer.cs" files in the Master_Pages folder.  Open the "DefaultMaster.master" and "DefaultMaster.master.cs" files. The code-behind file (.cs) for the master page (.master) works exactly the same as the code-behind file for an .aspx page. The first thing to note is master pages do not inherit from System.Web.UI.Page like .aspx pages do. Instead they inherit from System.Web.UI.MasterPage. Here’s the default code for the code-behind. using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class DefaultMaster : System.Web.UI.MasterPage { } }
And for the .master file itself: <%@ Master Language="C#" Inherits="WebApplication1.DefaultMaster" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>DefaultMaster</title> </head> <body> <div id="container"> <form runat="server"> <asp:contentplaceholder id="contentPlaceHolder" runat="server" /> </form> </div> </body> </html> Because we’re not using the WebForms model, let’s quickly remove the tags for the You should be getting used to page declarations (the <asp:contentplaceholder id="contentPlaceHolder" runat="server" /> This content placeholder is where the content from your .aspx pages will be inserted. You can have as many of these in a .master page as you like. Referencing your master pageLet’s go back to our normal .aspx page and make some edits. The first thing to do is remove the <%@ Page Language="C#" Inherits="WebApplication1.Default" %> <h1 id="headertext" runat="server">This is the text</h1> Now we need to specify what content to place in the content placeholder. We do that by specifying where the master page is, and wrapping our content in an <%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Master_Pages/DefaultMaster.master" Inherits="WebApplication1.Default" %> <asp:Content id="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="contentPlaceHolder" runat="server"> <h1 id="headertext" runat="server">This is the text</h1> </asp:Content> There’s a couple of things to note here. Firstly the Page declaration has an additional attribute of "MasterPageFile" with a value of "~/Master_Pages/DefaultMaster.master". In ASP.NET "~" means the root of the application, the rest of that path just points to our master page. Secondly you see the new  Checking the source code of the page proves that the master page (.master) and content page (.aspx) have been seamlessly integrated together. Now you see why I love master pages so much. A more complex master pageWe can push master pages a lot further than this simple example. Let’s have a go at building something that looks more like a real web application, starting with the master page. Firstly we’ll add some more content placeholders and a few server-side controls: <%@ Master Language="C#" Inherits="WebApplication1.DefaultMaster" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title><asp:contentplaceholder id="PageTitle" runat="server" /></title> <script src="scripts/jquery.min.js"></script> <asp:contentplaceholder id="PageJS" runat="server" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/default.css"></link> <asp:contentplaceholder id="PageCSS" runat="server" /> </head> <body> <div id="container"> <h1 id="sitename" runat="server"></h1> <ul id="menu"> <li><a href="about.aspx">About me</a></li> <li><a href="services.aspx">My services</a></li> <li><a href="contact.aspx">Contact me</a></li> </ul> <div id="content"> <asp:contentplaceholder id="PageContent" runat="server" /> </div> <div id="footer"> <p id="copyright" runat="server"></p> </div> </div> </body> </html> And in the code-behind file for our master page we’ll put: using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Configuration;
namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class DefaultMaster : System.Web.UI.MasterPage { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { sitename.InnerHtml = ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["SiteName"]; copyright.InnerHtml = ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["CopyrightNotice"] + DateTime.Now.Year.ToString(); } } }
(I’ll leave it as an exercise for you to add the SiteName and CopyrightNotice applications settings to web.config.) Now for our content page. We have four content placeholders we can use: PageTitle, PageJS, PageCSS and PageContent. Here’s the code for the .aspx content page: <%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Master_Pages/DefaultMaster.master" Inherits="WebApplication1.Default" %>
<asp:Content id="PageTitle" ContentPlaceHolderID="PageTitle" runat="server"> <asp:Literal id="Title" runat="server"></asp:Literal> </asp:Content>
<asp:Content id="PageCSS" ContentPlaceHolderID="PageCSS" runat="server"> <style type="text/css"> h1 { font-family: sans-serif; color: #090; } </style> </asp:Content>
<asp:Content id="PageContent" ContentPlaceHolderID="PageContent" runat="server">
<h2>Welcome, one and all</h2> <p>This is my very first ASP.NET website, working with a master page!</p>
</asp:Content>
And the code-behind for our .aspx content page: using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Configuration;
namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class Default : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Title.Text = "Welcome to my first ASP.NET Website"; } } }
A couple of new things to notice here. Firstly I haven’t used the PageJS content placeholder at all – it’s quite OK to leave it out entirely (of course nothing will be rendered to the page for that area). Secondly I’ve introduced another ASP.NET control, namely The Literal controlThe Literal control is very useful when you want to render something to the page without any extra markup. For example, a lot of the time it’s fine to use: <span id="message" runat="server"></span> message.InnerHtml = "This is the message" Gives: <span id="message">This is the message</span> But if you don’t want the span tags at all, for example for the page <asp:Literal id="message" runat="server"></asp:Literal> message.Text = "This is the message"; Gives: This is the message The completed master and content pageSo running our application should give us this:  This is really just scratching the surface, as it’s possible to have multiple master pages (even nested master pages!). You can also set the master page programatically (but this needs to be done in the Page_Init event, as Page_Load is too late in the page lifecycle). There’s lots more detail about MasterPages on the MSDN site. Custom ClassesIt’s possible to create custom classes in your application, just like you would in PHP. Let’s create a security class by right-clicking the root of your application and selecting "Add > New file" then choosing "Empty class" from the "General" section and calling it "Security".  The code for your new class looks like this: using System; namespace WebApplication1 { public class Security { public Security() { } } }
I’ll throw a bit more code into this file: using System; using System.Web; namespace WebApplication1 { public class Security { public bool IsLoggedIn; public Security() { CheckSession(); } private void CheckSession() { if (HttpContext.Current.Session["loggedin"] != null && HttpContext.Current.Session["loggedin"] == "true") { IsLoggedIn = true; } else { IsLoggedIn = false; } } } }
Pretty simple so far. The only new thing is the use of In our Default.aspx.cs code-behind file we write: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Security security = new Security(); if (security.IsLoggedIn) { Title.Text = "Welcome back, you are logged in"; } else { Title.Text = "You are not logged in"; } }
Which instantiates a new instance of the Security class names "security". Running the application shows this:  As you’re familiar with OOP you can see how this can be used to build large-scale web applications. The only other thing to say about custom classes is how to make them static. Here’s the code for a static class: using System; using System.Web; namespace WebApplication1 { public static class Security { public static bool IsLoggedIn; public static void CheckSession() { if (HttpContext.Current.Session["loggedin"] != null && HttpContext.Current.Session["loggedin"] == "true") { IsLoggedIn = true; } else { IsLoggedIn = false; } } } }
You can see there’s no default method, as this class is never instantiated. I’ve also added the "static" keyword to the property and method, and I’ve made the protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Security.CheckSession(); if (Security.IsLoggedIn) { Title.Text = "Welcome back, you are logged in"; } else { Title.Text = "You are not logged in"; } }
Pretty simple, really. As you’re fully aware of the advantages that OOP can give you for abstraction, encapsulation and inheritance you’ll see how powerful this is. But if we’re going to use objects, we really need some serious data to model in our objects. We need a database. Databases, Data Sources and Data BindingASP.NET works really well with databases, but works the best with Microsoft SQL Server (not surprisingly). Even if your ASP.NET application is running on a Linux box, you can still connect to SQL Server on a Windows server to use as a datastore. I’ll demonstrate that below, but as I’m writing this tutorial in Linux I will also demonstrate the use of MySQL as an ASP.NET database. To use MySQL you’ll need the ADO.NET driver for MySQL – this excellent article helped me a lot. Database configurationThe first thing to do is configure how to connect to our database server. You can do this in web.config, add this code inside the "configuration" section (the MySQL and SQL Server code should be pretty obvious). Note that these are standard connection strings. <connectionStrings> <add name="MySQL" connectionString="Server=mysqlserver;Database=aspnetdb1;User ID=root;Password=mypassword;Pooling=false"/> <add name="SQLServer" connectionString="Server=sqlserver;Database=aspnetdb1;User ID=sa;Password=myPassword;"/> </connectionStrings> I’ve also created a table called "users" with this code (this is for MySQL, minor edits will make it work in most other database systems): CREATE TABLE users ( id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, username varchar(50) NOT NULL, password varchar(32) NOT NULL, email varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ); To access your connection string you can use the ConfigurationManager class which we used in part 1 of the tutorial to access global configuration settings. Here’s the code: string conn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MySQL"].ConnectionString; Connecting and running a simple querySo we’re now ready to connect to our database and run a query. First, insert a couple of rows into the " users" table so we have something to query: insert into users (username, password, email) values ('User 1', 'user1password', 'user1@asp.net')
We then need to ensure we reference the right assemblies. For MySQL make sure you have this at the top of your code-behind file: using System.Data; using MySql.Data.MySqlClient; Amd for SQL Server use this: using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; A quick note about connecting to MySQL in Linux. I had a bit of trouble making my application compile when I first tried this. I did various searches but found no answer that worked for me. The error I got was "The type or namespace name `MySqlConnection’ could not be found." which looked like the MySQL Connector wasn’t installed properly. The fix (for me) was to manually add the reference by right-clicking the References folder in my application and going to "Edit references". I then found the MySQL.Data.dll file in the .Net Assembly tab and referenced it. I also had to then manually reference the System.Data and System.Configuration assemblies from the Packages tab.  Hopefully you won’t need to jump through these hoops. We now open a connection to our database like this for MySQL: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { // get the connection string string conn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MySQL"].ConnectionString; // create a new MySQL connection MySqlConnection dbcon; using (dbcon = new MySqlConnection(conn)) { // open the connection dbcon.Open(); // create the query string query = "SELECT username, email FROM users"; // create a new adapter between the connection and query MySqlDataAdapter adapter = new MySqlDataAdapter(query, dbcon); // create a new dataset to store the query results DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // fill the dataset with the results from the adapter, // the name of the dataset is "result" adapter.Fill(ds, "result");
} }
And this for SQL Server: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { // get the connection string string conn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["SQLServer"].ConnectionString; // create a new SQL Server connection SqlConnection dbcon; using (dbcon = new SqlConnection(conn)) { // open the connection dbcon.Open(); // create the query string query = "SELECT username, email FROM users"; // create a new adapter between the connection and query SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(query, dbcon); // create a new dataset to store the query results DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // fill the dataset with the results from the adapter, // the name of the dataset is "result" adapter.Fill(ds, "result");
} }
See, pretty easy, and not a million miles away from the equivalent PHP code. There are a couple of bits in here I’ll explain in some more depth. Firstly the using (something here) { ... }
The object you set up in the brackets is automatically destroyed when your code leaves the end curly brace "}". This is a really useful structure to know about, so read all about it here. Secondly the DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // we put some data from the database in the DataSet here... // get the number of tables int tables = ds.Tables.Count; // get the first table DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0]; // get the number of rows in the first table int rows = ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; And there are many other goodies in the DataSet class. You can also loop rows, just like you do in PHP, like this: for (int x = 0; x < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; x++) { Response.Write(ds.Tables[0].Rows[x]["fieldname"].ToString() + <br />); }
But there’s a much better way to display simple loops, and that’s using the Repeater control. Using repeaters and databindingFirst a confession. There are large ASP.NET applications I’ve written that use no ASP.NET controls except the Literal (which we looked at above) and the Repeater. The Repeater control allows you to "bind" data, for example from a DataSet, and display it in a looped manner. Firstly we need to add something to our database code above: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { // get the connection string string conn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MySQL"].ConnectionString; // create a new MySQL connection MySqlConnection dbcon; using (dbcon = new MySqlConnection(conn)) { // open the connection dbcon.Open(); // create the query string query = "SELECT username, email FROM users"; // create a new adapter between the connection and query MySqlDataAdapter adapter = new MySqlDataAdapter(query, dbcon); // create a new dataset to store the query results DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // fill the dataset with the results from the adapter, // the name of the dataset is "result" adapter.Fill(ds, "result");
// below is the new code...
// set the DataSource of the repeater myRepeater.DataSource = ds; // bind the data myRepeater.DataBind();
} }
And in the .aspx page we put: <asp:Repeater id="myRepeater" runat="server"> <HeaderTemplate> <table> <tr> <th>Username</th> <th>Email</th> </tr> </HeaderTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <tr> <td><%# Eval("username") %></td> <td><%# Eval("email") %></td> </tr> </ItemTemplate> <AlternatingItemTemplate> <tr class="alt"> <td><%# Eval("username") %></td> <td><%# Eval("email") %></td> </tr> </AlternatingItemTemplate> <FooterTemplate> </table> </FooterTemplate> </asp:Repeater>
You can see what happens here. When the data is bound to the Repeater control the HeaderTemplate section is displayed. Then each row is displayed in the ItemTemplate and AlternatingItemTemplate sections (the names should give you a clue how they are displayed). Then finally the FooterTemplate section is displayed. Using this simple control gives you an easy way to display repeating data, with complete control over the resulting HTML – just like you would do in PHP. Here’s the results (with some CSS for styling):  As a Repeater will throw an Exception if an empty DataSet is bound to it, you need to check there is data to be bound first. A simple if (ds.Tables.Count > 0 && ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0) { myRepeater.DataSource = ds; myRepeater.DataBind(); }
I think you’ll agree that having a control which sets templating for repeating data as easily as that is a massive help to the developer. One thing to note with the Repeater control – if you bind a DataSet to it by default the first table is used. If you’re using stored procedures instead of inline SQL to run commands against your database you can return multiple tables, meaning you can load several sets of data for use in a page at once. In that case you’d use code like this (to bind the second table in the DataSet to the Repeater): myRepeater.DataSource = ds.Tables[1]; myRepeater.DataBind(); Creating a data access classLet’s pull the last couple of sections together and create a data access class that will simplify connecting to and running commands on your database. This code is for MySQL, but as you’ve seen the code for SQL Server is very similar. Create a new empty class called "DB" and paste this into the new file: using System; using System.Configuration; using System.Data; using MySql.Data.MySqlClient;
namespace WebApplication1 { public class DB { private string ConnectionString; public DB() { // get the connection string this.ConnectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["MySQL"].ConnectionString; } public DataSet Select(string query) { MySqlConnection dbcon; using (dbcon = new MySqlConnection(this.ConnectionString)) { // open the connection dbcon.Open(); // create a new adapter between the connection and query MySqlDataAdapter adapter = new MySqlDataAdapter(query, dbcon); // create a new dataset to store the query results DataSet ds = new DataSet(); // fill the dataset with the results from the adapter, adapter.Fill(ds, "result"); // return the dataset return ds; } } public bool Execute(string query) { MySqlConnection dbcon; using (dbcon = new MySqlConnection(this.ConnectionString)) { // create a new SQL command on thie connection MySqlCommand command = new MySqlCommand(query, dbcon); // open the connection dbcon.Open(); // execute the query and return the number of affected rows int affectedrows = command.ExecuteNonQuery(); // there were no rows affected - the command failed if (affectedrows == 0) { return false; // the command affected at least one row } else { return true; } } } } }
To use this in your code-behind file you’d put: DB db = new DB(); DataSet ds = db.Select("SELECT username, email FROM users"); if (ds.Tables.Count > 0 && ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0) { myRepeater.DataSource = ds; myRepeater.DataBind(); }
This data access class introduces you to a new style of database connection syntax using the MySqlCommand class (SqlCommand for SQL Server) and the ExecuteNonQuery method. As the code says, the ExecuteNonQuery method executes a query and returns the number of affected rows. Very useful for Those of you with a good knowledge of WordPress will see how this class is similar to the User ControlsSo far we’ve used just two ASP.NET controls – Literal and Repeater – in honour of our aim to keep full control of the output HTML. But sometimes it’s useful to encapsulate functionality for your own controls. ASP.NET allows you to create user controls with properties and methods all your own. These user controls can be thought of as discrete blocks of HTML that can be used inside a .aspx page, just like you’d include a separate file in a .php file. We’re going to create a very simple control that displays a truncated link. Firstly add a new file of type "User control with code-behind file" and call it "ShortLink".  You may notice the new file has an extension of .ascx, this is the extension for user controls. Open the .ascx file and you’ll see this: <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="WebApplication1.ShortLink" %> Open the code-behind file (MyControl.ascx.cs) and you’ll see this: using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI;
namespace WebApplication1 { public partial class MyControl : System.Web.UI.UserControl { } }
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This post is a collection of latest community news submitted on tripwire magazine by readers and other blog owners. Most new posts in the web design and development community is included making this regular post a really fast and easy consumable overview of what is going on just now. You can find more community news here
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70+ Need to Check Out Posts for Designers and Developers
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This post is a collection of latest community news submitted on tripwire magazine by readers and other blog owners. Most new posts in the web design and development community is included making this regular post a really fast and easy consumable overview of what is going on just now. You can find more community news here
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I’ve compiled several of the best blogs talking about the business of design. 40+ Abstract Art Wallpapers, Digital Art Wallpapers, Colorful Wallpapers | Free Download Download Abstract Art Wallpapers for your desktop screen. Java Seven Make Developers Most Productive Each JAVA packages comes with some most helpful techniques for developers.Apart from all other packages, java 7 promises new features like modularization, developer productivity tools 20 Fonts made popular by or inspired by Movies and Brands If you’re a movie fan I am sure you’ll enjoy this collection of 20 beautiful movie/brand fonts. All these are free and I think they should be part of any designer’s font library. 35 Beautiful & High Quality UI Icon Sets I have compiled a list of 35 high quality and beautiful icon sets that would be a great addition to anyone’s arsenal. iPhone-Style Navigation:AJAX + Rotate (Part II) This is the sequel of previous tutorial discussing how to make iPhone style navigation. Once I promised to talk about how to implement AJAX and how to add cookie onto the script we have made before. Codeigniter shopping cart v1.1 Part 10: Front page Today we will work on a webshop controller and its’ views. This module controls all the front-end functions. I will cover the front page in this article. The goals for the front page are the … CSS3 Tutorial – Website-Navigation based on Border-Radius This Step-by-Step Navigation-Tutorial is made by CSS3-Properties like Border-Radius. This CSS3-Tutorial demonstrates how easy it can be to get attention to your navigation without any images! The area of electronics brands is so wide and deep that I could easily name this article Volume 1. But then again, I think that it would all get extremely boring til the moment we do… Here are 7 great dock styled plugins and tutorials that will allow you to add your own dock to your website or project, and give your project that extra bit of bling. 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Here is an incredible and delicious collection of 61 vector apple graphics… Top 40 Authors Of The Famous Design Blogs Today we’ve decided is to come up with an amazing list of the top 40 authors in the web design, web development and internet industry. Here are my picks for the Top 20 Beautiful Websites based on visual artistry, integrated sound, ease of use, and pure uniqueness.
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34 Free Open Source CSS Code Snippets for Developers
With a quick Google search you will find a ton of handy CSS2/CSS3 code snippets. But what about pre-built CSS web interfaces? There are some cool widgets and samples out there, but it can be difficult finding great high-quality releases. I think developers really treasure open source codes for the fact that it saves a lot of time putting together more complicated websites.
In this showcase gallery I have organized 34 outstanding and free CSS code snippets. All of these examples provide some type of website interface element such as forms, buttons, tables, switches, pagination, and other common items. Be sure to check out the gallery listing to get a better idea of what you may be able to use in your own website(s). All items are provided by CSSFlow which you can download for free and include on any number of projects.
Glossy Buttons
Facebook Login Form
Dark Datepicker
Pricing Table
Social Buttons
Notification Windows
Dark and Light Dropdowns
Newsletter Signup Form
Dark Pagination
Settings Panel
Multi-colored Buttons
Notification Badges
Flip-Down Clock
Share Buttons
Modal Contact Form
Notepaper Blockquote
Toggle Switches
Metal Progress Bar
OSX-Style Window
Search Dropdown
Mini Social App
Month Picker
Animated Progress Bar
Inset Side Navigation
Login Form
Dark Navigation
Light Horizontal Nav
Dark Horizontal Nav
Animated Profile Popover
3D Buttons
Sliding Tags
Accordion Menu
Tabbed Navigation
Mini Dropdown Menu